Computer network is a made up, and other devices that work together to achieve a common goal. The purpose of the computer network are:• Sharing of resources: for example, shared usage,,,• Communication: for example,,• Access to information: for exampleIn order to achieve the same goal, each part of the computer network to request and provide the service (service). The
party requesting / receiving services are called clients (client) and
providing / sending service called the waiter (server). This is called a system -, and used in almost all computer networks.ClassificationBased on the scale:• (): a computer network that connects a computer to another computer with a limited distance.• Metropolitant Area Network (): principle the same as the LAN, only the distance is larger, ie 10-50 km.• Wide Area Network (): the distance between,, and. This is the same.By function: Basically any existing computer network that functions as well. But there is a network that has a special computerdedicated as a server while the other as a client. There also are no special computer that serves as a server only. Therefore, based on its function then there are two types of computer networks:• Client-serverThat is a computer network with a dedicated computer as a server. A service / service can be provided by a computer or more. An example is a domain such www.detik.com served by many web server computer. Or it could be a lot of service / services provided by a single computer. Examples
are jtk.polban.ac.id servers that constitute a multi-service computer
with the mail server, web servers, file servers, database servers and
others.• Peer-to-peerNamely computer networks where each host can be a server and a client simultaneously. For
example in the file sharing between computers on the network Network
Neighbourhood there is 5 (we named A, B, C, D and E) that gives the
right of access to the files they have. At one point A to access files named data_nilai.xls share of B and also gives access to files soal_uas.doc C. When accessing a file from B then A serves as a client and when A gives access to the file to C then A serves as a server. Both functions were performed by simultaneously then A network like this is called peer to peer.Based, computer networks can be distinguished by:••••••Based on the criteria, computer networks can be divided into four namely:1. Based on the distribution of sources of information / datao Centralized NetworkThis
network consists of client and server computers where the client
computer that serves as an intermediary to access sources of
information / data derived from a single computer server• Distributed NetworkingIs
a mix of some that there are few centralized network server computers
that are interconnected with the client to form a specific network
system.1. Based on the geographic range is divided into:o LAN Networkis the tissue that connects two or more of such coverage, as well as in 1.• Network MANIs the tissue that covers a large city and its local area. Examples of local telephone networks, cellular telephone systems, as well as several internet relay network.• Network WANIs a network with worldwide coverage. For example the network, and networks such as GSM Cellular Satelindo, and much more.1. Based on the roles and relationships of each computer to process data.o Client-Server NetworksIn this network there are one or multiple server computers and client computers. The computer that will be a computer server and a client computer and altered through the network software protocol. As
an intermediary for the client computer can access data on a server
computer while the computer server providing the information required
by the client computer.• Peer-to-peerIn
this network there are no client computer or server computer because
all computers can perform the delivery and receipt of information so
that all computers function as clients as well as a server.1. Based on the data transmission mediumo Wired Network (Wired Network)In this network, to connect one computer to another computer in the form connective tissue necessary. The cable network is functioning in sending information between computers in a network.• Wireless Network (WI-FI)Network is a form of electromagnetic waves with the medium. In
this network are not necessary cables to connect between computers
because it uses electromagnetic waves to transmit information signals
between the network computer.
source: Wikipedia, Computer Networking
ICT-COMPUTER NETWORK, INTERNET, and devicesBy tian5295The computer network is a system consisting of computers and other network devices that work together to achieve a common goal. The purpose of the computer network are:• Sharing resources• Communication• Access to informationIn order to achieve the same goal, each part of the computer network to request and provide the service (service). The party requesting the service are called clients (client) and that provides a service called the waiter (server). This architecture is called client-server systems, and is used in almost all computer network applications.Classification Based on the scale:• Personal Area Network (PAN)• Campus Area Network (CAN)• Local Area Network (LAN): a computer network that connects a computer to another computer with a limited distance.• Metropolitant Area Network (MAN): principle the same as a LAN, only the distance is larger, ie 10-50 km.• Wide Area Network (WAN): the distance between cities, countries and continents. This is the same with the Internet.• Global Area Network (GAN)By function: Basically any existing computer network that functions as a client and the server. But there is a network that has a dedicated computer as a server while the other as a client. There also are no special computer that serves as a server only. Therefore, based on its function then there are two types of computer networks:• Client-serverThat is a computer network with a dedicated computer as a server. A service / service can be provided by a computer or more. An example is a domain such www.detik.com served by many web server computer. Or it could be a lot of service / services provided by a single computer. Examples are jtk.polban.ac.id servers that constitute a multi-service computer with the mail server, web servers, file servers, database servers and others.• Peer-to-peerNamely computer networks where each host can be a server and a client simultaneously. For example in the file sharing between computers on Windows Network Neighborhood Network have 5 computers (we named A, B, C, D and E) that gives the right of access to the files they have. At one point A to access files named data_nilai.xls share of B and also gives access to files soal_uas.doc C. When accessing a file from B then A serves as a client and when A gives access to the file to C then A serves as a server. Both functions were performed by simultaneously then A network like this is called peer to peerTopology, computer networks can be distinguished by:• bus topology• star topology• ring topology• Mesh Topology• Topology tree• Linear TopologyBased on the criteria, computer networks can be divided into four namely:1. Based on the distribution of sources of information / data- Centralized Network This network consists of client and server computers where the client computer that serves as an intermediary to access sources of information / data derived from a single computer server- Distributed Network is a combination of several centralized network so that there are several computer servers that are interconnected with the client to form a specific network system.2. Based on the geographic range is divided into three, namely:- Network LAN is a network that connects two computers or more in coverage such as laboratories, offices, as well as in a cafe.- Network MAN is a network that covers a large city and its local area. Examples of local telephone networks, cellular telephone systems, as well as some ISPs internet relay network.- Network WAN is a network with worldwide coverage. Examples of PT network. Telkom, PT. Indosat, as well as networks such as GSM Cellular Satelindo, Telkomsel, and much more.3. Based on the roles and relationships of each computer to process data.- Network Client-Server In this network there are one or multiple server computers and client computers. The computer that will be a computer server and a client computer and altered through the network software protocol. As an intermediary for the client computer can access data on a server computer while the computer server providing the information required by the client computer.-Peer-to-peer network does not exist in the client computer and server computer because all computers can perform the delivery and receipt of information so that all computers function as clients as well as a server.4. Based on the data transmission medium- Wired Network (Wired Network) In this network, to connect one computer to another computer connecting a network cable is required. The cable network is functioning in sending information in the form of electrical signals between the network computer.- Wireless Network (Wireless Network) is a network with the medium in the form of electromagnetic waves. In this network are not necessary cables to connect between computers because it uses electromagnetic waves to transmit signaling information between computers.Sources: Wikipedia
source: Wikipedia, Computer Networking
ICT-COMPUTER NETWORK, INTERNET, and devicesBy tian5295The computer network is a system consisting of computers and other network devices that work together to achieve a common goal. The purpose of the computer network are:• Sharing resources• Communication• Access to informationIn order to achieve the same goal, each part of the computer network to request and provide the service (service). The party requesting the service are called clients (client) and that provides a service called the waiter (server). This architecture is called client-server systems, and is used in almost all computer network applications.Classification Based on the scale:• Personal Area Network (PAN)• Campus Area Network (CAN)• Local Area Network (LAN): a computer network that connects a computer to another computer with a limited distance.• Metropolitant Area Network (MAN): principle the same as a LAN, only the distance is larger, ie 10-50 km.• Wide Area Network (WAN): the distance between cities, countries and continents. This is the same with the Internet.• Global Area Network (GAN)By function: Basically any existing computer network that functions as a client and the server. But there is a network that has a dedicated computer as a server while the other as a client. There also are no special computer that serves as a server only. Therefore, based on its function then there are two types of computer networks:• Client-serverThat is a computer network with a dedicated computer as a server. A service / service can be provided by a computer or more. An example is a domain such www.detik.com served by many web server computer. Or it could be a lot of service / services provided by a single computer. Examples are jtk.polban.ac.id servers that constitute a multi-service computer with the mail server, web servers, file servers, database servers and others.• Peer-to-peerNamely computer networks where each host can be a server and a client simultaneously. For example in the file sharing between computers on Windows Network Neighborhood Network have 5 computers (we named A, B, C, D and E) that gives the right of access to the files they have. At one point A to access files named data_nilai.xls share of B and also gives access to files soal_uas.doc C. When accessing a file from B then A serves as a client and when A gives access to the file to C then A serves as a server. Both functions were performed by simultaneously then A network like this is called peer to peerTopology, computer networks can be distinguished by:• bus topology• star topology• ring topology• Mesh Topology• Topology tree• Linear TopologyBased on the criteria, computer networks can be divided into four namely:1. Based on the distribution of sources of information / data- Centralized Network This network consists of client and server computers where the client computer that serves as an intermediary to access sources of information / data derived from a single computer server- Distributed Network is a combination of several centralized network so that there are several computer servers that are interconnected with the client to form a specific network system.2. Based on the geographic range is divided into three, namely:- Network LAN is a network that connects two computers or more in coverage such as laboratories, offices, as well as in a cafe.- Network MAN is a network that covers a large city and its local area. Examples of local telephone networks, cellular telephone systems, as well as some ISPs internet relay network.- Network WAN is a network with worldwide coverage. Examples of PT network. Telkom, PT. Indosat, as well as networks such as GSM Cellular Satelindo, Telkomsel, and much more.3. Based on the roles and relationships of each computer to process data.- Network Client-Server In this network there are one or multiple server computers and client computers. The computer that will be a computer server and a client computer and altered through the network software protocol. As an intermediary for the client computer can access data on a server computer while the computer server providing the information required by the client computer.-Peer-to-peer network does not exist in the client computer and server computer because all computers can perform the delivery and receipt of information so that all computers function as clients as well as a server.4. Based on the data transmission medium- Wired Network (Wired Network) In this network, to connect one computer to another computer connecting a network cable is required. The cable network is functioning in sending information in the form of electrical signals between the network computer.- Wireless Network (Wireless Network) is a network with the medium in the form of electromagnetic waves. In this network are not necessary cables to connect between computers because it uses electromagnetic waves to transmit signaling information between computers.Sources: Wikipedia
Jaringan computer adalah sebuah yang terdiri atas ,
dan perangkat lainnya yang bekerja bersama-sama untuk mencapai suatu tujuan
yang sama. Tujuan dari jaringan komputer adalah:
- Membagi sumber daya: contohnya berbagi pemakaian , , ,
- Komunikasi: contohnya , ,
- Akses informasi: contohnya
Agar dapat mencapai tujuan yang sama, setiap bagian dari
jaringan komputer meminta dan memberikan layanan (service). Pihak yang
meminta/menerima layanan disebut klien (client) dan yang
memberikan/mengirim layanan disebut pelayan (server). ini disebut dengan
sistem -, dan digunakan pada hampir seluruh jaringan komputer.
Klasifikasi
Berdasarkan skala :
- (): suatu jaringan komputer yang menghubungkan suatu komputer dengan komputer lain dengan jarak yang terbatas.
- Metropolitant Area Network (): prinsip sama dengan LAN, hanya saja jaraknya lebih luas, yaitu 10-50 km.
- Wide Area Network (): jaraknya antar , , dan . ini sama dengan .
Berdasarkan fungsi : Pada dasarnya setiap jaringan
komputer ada yang berfungsi sebagai dan juga . Tetapi ada jaringan yang
memiliki komputer yang khusus
didedikasikan sebagai server sedangkan yang lain sebagai
client. Ada juga yang tidak memiliki komputer yang khusus berfungsi sebagai
server saja. Karena itu berdasarkan fungsinya maka ada dua jenis jaringan
komputer:
- Client-server
Yaitu jaringan komputer dengan komputer yang didedikasikan
khusus sebagai server. Sebuah service/layanan bisa diberikan oleh sebuah
komputer atau lebih. Contohnya adalah sebuah domain seperti www.detik.com yang
dilayani oleh banyak komputer web server. Atau bisa juga banyak service/layanan
yang diberikan oleh satu komputer. Contohnya adalah server jtk.polban.ac.id
yang merupakan satu komputer dengan multi service yaitu mail server, web
server, file server, database server dan lainnya.
- Peer-to-peer
Yaitu jaringan komputer dimana setiap host dapat menjadi
server dan juga menjadi client secara bersamaan. Contohnya dalam file sharing
antar komputer di Jaringan Network Neighbourhood ada 5 (kita beri nama A,B,C,D
dan E) yang memberi hak akses terhadap file yang dimilikinya. Pada satu saat A
mengakses file share dari B bernama data_nilai.xls dan juga memberi akses file
soal_uas.doc kepada C. Saat A mengakses file dari B maka A berfungsi sebagai
client dan saat A memberi akses file kepada C maka A berfungsi sebagai server.
Kedua fungsi itu dilakukan oleh A secara bersamaan maka jaringan seperti ini
dinamakan peer to peer.
Berdasarkan , jaringan komputer dapat dibedakan atas:
Berdasarkan kriterianya, jaringan komputer dibedakan menjadi
4 yaitu:
1. Berdasarkan distribusi sumber
informasi/data
o Jaringan terpusat
Jaringan ini terdiri dari komputer klient dan server yang
mana komputer klient yang berfungsi sebagai perantara untuk mengakses sumber
informasi/data yang berasal dari satu komputer server
- Jaringan terdistribusi
Merupakan perpaduan beberapa jaringan terpusat sehingga
terdapat beberapa komputer server yang saling berhubungan dengan klient
membentuk sistem jaringan tertentu.
1. Berdasarkan jangkauan geografis
dibedakan menjadi:
o Jaringan LAN
merupakan jaringan yang menghubungkan 2 atau lebih dalam
cakupan seperti , , serta dalam 1 .
- Jaringan MAN
Merupakan jaringan yang mencakup satu kota besar beserta
daerah setempat. Contohnya jaringan telepon lokal, sistem telepon seluler,
serta jaringan relay beberapa internet.
- Jaringan WAN
Merupakan jaringan dengan cakupan seluruh dunia. Contohnya
jaringan , , serta jaringan GSM Seluler seperti Satelindo, , dan masih banyak
lagi.
1. Berdasarkan peranan dan hubungan
tiap komputer dalam memproses data.
o Jaringan Client-Server
Pada jaringan ini terdapat 1 atau beberapa komputer server
dan komputer client. Komputer yang akan menjadi komputer server maupun menjadi
komputer client dan diubah-ubah melalui software jaringan pada protokolnya.
Komputer client sebagai perantara untuk dapat mengakses data pada komputer
server sedangkan komputer server menyediakan informasi yang diperlukan oleh
komputer client.
- Jaringan Peer-to-peer
Pada jaringan ini tidak ada komputer client maupun komputer
server karena semua komputer dapat melakukan pengiriman maupun penerimaan
informasi sehingga semua komputer berfungsi sebagai client sekaligus sebagai
server.
1. Berdasarkan media transmisi data
o Jaringan Berkabel (Wired Network)
Pada jaringan ini, untuk menghubungkan satu komputer dengan
komputer lain diperlukan penghubung berupa jaringan. Kabel jaringan berfungsi
dalam mengirim informasi dalam bentuk antar komputer jaringan.
- Jaringan Nirkabel(WI-FI)
Merupakan jaringan dengan medium berupa gelombang
elektromagnetik. Pada jaringan ini tidak diperlukan kabel untuk menghubungkan
antar komputer karena menggunakan gelombang elektromagnetik yang akan
mengirimkan sinyal informasi antar komputer jaringan.
sumber : Wikipedia, Jaringan Komputer
TIK- JARINGAN KOMPUTER, INTERNET,
DAN PERANGKATNYA
Oleh
tian5295
Jaringan komputer adalah sebuah sistem yang terdiri atas komputer dan
perangkat jaringan lainnya yang bekerja bersama-sama untuk mencapai suatu
tujuan yang sama. Tujuan dari jaringan komputer adalah:
Agar dapat mencapai tujuan yang sama, setiap bagian dari
jaringan komputer meminta dan memberikan layanan (service). Pihak yang
meminta layanan disebut klien (client) dan yang memberikan layanan
disebut pelayan (server). Arsitektur ini disebut dengan sistem
client-server, dan digunakan pada hampir seluruh aplikasi jaringan komputer.
Klasifikasi Berdasarkan skala :
- Personal Area Network (PAN)
- Campus Area Network (CAN)
- Local Area Network (LAN): suatu jaringan komputer yang menghubungkan suatu komputer dengan komputer lain dengan jarak yang terbatas.
- Metropolitant Area Network (MAN): prinsip sama dengan LAN, hanya saja jaraknya lebih luas, yaitu 10-50 km.
- Wide Area Network (WAN): jaraknya antar kota, negara, dan benua. ini sama dengan internet.
- Global Area Network (GAN)
Berdasarkan fungsi : Pada dasarnya setiap jaringan
komputer ada yang berfungsi sebagai client dan juga server. Tetapi ada jaringan
yang memiliki komputer yang khusus didedikasikan sebagai server sedangkan yang
lain sebagai client. Ada juga yang tidak memiliki komputer yang khusus
berfungsi sebagai server saja. Karena itu berdasarkan fungsinya maka ada dua
jenis jaringan komputer:
- Client-server
Yaitu jaringan komputer dengan komputer yang didedikasikan
khusus sebagai server. Sebuah service/layanan bisa diberikan oleh sebuah
komputer atau lebih. Contohnya adalah sebuah domain seperti www.detik.com yang
dilayani oleh banyak komputer web server. Atau bisa juga banyak service/layanan
yang diberikan oleh satu komputer. Contohnya adalah server jtk.polban.ac.id yang
merupakan satu komputer dengan multi service yaitu mail server, web server,
file server, database server dan lainnya.
- Peer-to-peer
Yaitu jaringan komputer dimana setiap host dapat menjadi
server dan juga menjadi client secara bersamaan. Contohnya dalam file sharing
antar komputer di Jaringan Windows Network Neighbourhood ada 5 komputer (kita
beri nama A,B,C,D dan E) yang memberi hak akses terhadap file yang dimilikinya.
Pada satu saat A mengakses file share dari B bernama data_nilai.xls dan juga
memberi akses file soal_uas.doc kepada C. Saat A mengakses file dari B maka A
berfungsi sebagai client dan saat A memberi akses file kepada C maka A
berfungsi sebagai server. Kedua fungsi itu dilakukan oleh A secara bersamaan
maka jaringan seperti ini dinamakan peer to peer
Topologi, jaringan komputer dapat dibedakan atas:
- Topologi bus
- Topologi bintang
- Topologi cincin
- Topologi mesh
- Topologi pohon
- Topologi linier
Berdasarkan kriterianya, jaringan komputer dibedakan menjadi
4 yaitu:
1. Berdasarkan distribusi sumber informasi/data
- Jaringan terpusat Jaringan ini terdiri dari komputer
klient dan server yang mana komputer klient yang berfungsi sebagai perantara
untuk mengakses sumber informasi/data yang berasal dari satu komputer server
- Jaringan terdistribusi Merupakan perpaduan beberapa
jaringan terpusat sehingga terdapat beberapa komputer server yang saling
berhubungan dengan klient membentuk sistem jaringan tertentu.
2. Berdasarkan jangkauan geografis dibedakan menjadi 3, yaitu:
2. Berdasarkan jangkauan geografis dibedakan menjadi 3, yaitu:
- Jaringan LAN merupakan jaringan yang menghubungkan 2
komputer atau lebih dalam cakupan seperti laboratorium, kantor, serta dalam 1
warnet.
- Jaringan MAN Merupakan jaringan yang mencakup satu kota
besar beserta daerah setempat. Contohnya jaringan telepon lokal, sistem telepon
seluler, serta jaringan relay beberapa ISP internet.
- Jaringan WAN Merupakan jaringan dengan cakupan seluruh
dunia. Contohnya jaringan PT. Telkom, PT. Indosat, serta jaringan GSM Seluler
seperti Satelindo, Telkomsel, dan masih banyak lagi.
3. Berdasarkan peranan dan hubungan tiap komputer dalam memproses data.
3. Berdasarkan peranan dan hubungan tiap komputer dalam memproses data.
- Jaringan Client-Server Pada jaringan ini terdapat 1 atau
beberapa komputer server dan komputer client. Komputer yang akan menjadi
komputer server maupun menjadi komputer client dan diubah-ubah melalui software
jaringan pada protokolnya. Komputer client sebagai perantara untuk dapat
mengakses data pada komputer server sedangkan komputer server menyediakan
informasi yang diperlukan oleh komputer client.
-Jaringan Peer-to-peer Pada jaringan ini tidak ada komputer
client maupun komputer server karena semua komputer dapat melakukan pengiriman
maupun penerimaan informasi sehingga semua komputer berfungsi sebagai client
sekaligus sebagai server.
4. Berdasarkan media transmisi data
4. Berdasarkan media transmisi data
- Jaringan Berkabel (Wired Network) Pada jaringan ini, untuk
menghubungkan satu komputer dengan komputer lain diperlukan penghubung berupa
kabel jaringan. Kabel jaringan berfungsi dalam mengirim informasi dalam bentuk
sinyal listrik antar komputer jaringan.
- Jaringan Nirkabel (Wireless Network) Merupakan jaringan
dengan medium berupa gelombang elektromagnetik. Pada jaringan ini tidak
diperlukan kabel untuk menghubungkan antar komputer karena menggunakan
gelombang elektromagnetik yang akan mengirimkan sinyal informasi antar
komputer 
.
.
Sumber: Wikipedia
By
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martin
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